انگلیسی درس ۴۶
Hometown and small businesses
شهر شما، یک شرکت کوچک موفق، و راه‌اندازی و اداره‌ی کسب‌وکار.
چطور تمرین کنیم
- یک جواب را دو بار گوش بدهید. هم‌زمان متن را بخوانید.
- همراه صدا بگویید. سرعت را روی 0.75× بگذارید. دوباره پخش کنید و هم‌زمان با صدا حرف بزنید.
- حالت تمرین را روشن کنید. جواب‌ها پنهان می‌شوند. هر سؤال را بخوانید و بلند جواب بدهید.
- جواب را مال خودتان کنید. همان عبارت‌ها را به کار ببرید، اما درباره‌ی شهر، کار و زندگی خودتان حرف بزنید.
- با یک هم‌تمرینی تمرین کنید. یک نفر سؤال‌ها را می‌خواند. نفر دیگر بدون نگاه کردن جواب می‌دهد.
Part 1 · Interview
Your hometown
Short answers. About 20 to 30 seconds each. Answer, give a reason, add one detail.
Do you live in a small town or a big city?
I live in a big city. It has about three million people. It's busy and noisy, but there's always something to do, like concerts, exhibitions and new restaurants.
- It has about … peoplesay the population
- busy and noisywith many people and sounds
- there's always something to donever boring
How long have you lived in this city?
I've lived here for about eight years. I moved here from a small town to go to university, and after graduating, I found a job here, so I stayed.
- I've lived here for…present perfect for a period
- to go to universityto study at university
- after graduating, …after finishing university
Do you like your hometown?
Yes, I like it. I have a lot of good memories there. It's calmer than the city where I live now, and people have more time for each other. But there aren't many job opportunities, which is why many young people leave.
- I have a lot of good memories thereI remember many happy things
- have more time for each otherspend more time together
- which is why…this is the reason that
What is your hometown famous for?
It's famous for its sweets, especially a kind of nougat called gaz. Visitors always buy boxes of it to take home. It's also known for its old bridges over the river, which look beautiful at night.
- It's famous for…say what people know it for
- nougata soft, sweet food made with sugar and nuts
- It's also known for…add another thing
Part 2 · Cue card
A small company in your hometown that you think is successful
You get 1 minute to prepare and then speak for 1 to 2 minutes. Follow the four points on the card in order.
Candidate task card
Describe a small company in your hometown that you think is successful.
You should say:
- how you know about the company
- what they do or produce
- how long it has been in business
- and explain why you think the company is successful
Start
I'd like to talk about a small bakery in my hometown called Nan-e Sahar. Everyone in the town knows it.
How you know about it
I know it because it's on my parents' street. When I was a child, my mother sent me there every morning to buy fresh bread.
What they do
They make traditional bread, like barbari and sangak, and also cakes and cookies. Recently, they started making special cakes for birthdays and weddings, and these are very popular.
How long it has been in business
It's been in business for about thirty years. An old man started it with his wife, and now his two sons run it. They've made the shop bigger, but they still use the old family recipes.
Why it is successful
I think it's successful because the quality never changes. The bread is always fresh and delicious. The family is also very friendly, and they remember their customers' names. They even give free bread to poor families. That's why people trust them, and there's always a queue outside in the morning.
- Everyone in the town knows itit's very well-known
- fresh breadbread made today
- It's been in business for…it has worked for this long
- the old family recipesthe old ways of cooking from the family
- the quality never changesit is always good
- there's always a queuea queue = a line of people waiting
Part 3 · Discussion
Business
Longer answers. About 30 to 45 seconds. Give your opinion, explain why, and give an example.
Why do some people want to open their own business?
Many people want to be their own boss. They want freedom to make decisions and to choose their working hours. Some have a great idea or a special skill. And of course, a successful business can make much more money than a normal job.
- be their own bosswork for themselves
- freedom to make decisionsbeing able to decide
- a special skilla special ability
What difficulties do people face when they try to open a small business?
The biggest problem is money. You need money to rent a place, buy equipment and pay workers before you earn anything. There's also a lot of paperwork and official rules. And in the first year, many small businesses don't make a profit, which is very stressful.
- The biggest problem is moneygive the main problem
- paperworkofficial forms and documents
- make a profitearn more money than you spend
How can small businesses help people in their community?
Small businesses create jobs for local people. They also make life easier, because people can buy things close to home. And many small business owners know their customers personally, so they often help people, for example by letting them pay later.
- create jobsmake work for people
- close to homenear where you live
- know their customers personallyknow them as people
- pay laterpay after some time
Why are some companies more successful than others?
Successful companies understand what their customers really need. They offer good quality and good service. They also change with the times, for example by selling online. Companies that don't change usually fall behind.
- understand what their customers really needknow what people want
- good servicegood help to customers
- change with the timeschange when the world changes
- fall behindbecome less successful than others
Is it easier to work as an employee or to run a company? Why?
I think it's easier to be an employee. You have a fixed salary and fixed hours, and when you go home, you can forget about work. A business owner is responsible for everything, so they worry all the time. But running a company can be more satisfying.
- an employeea person who works for a company
- a fixed salarythe same pay every month
- is responsible for everythingmust take care of all things
- more satisfyingmakes you feel happier with your work
How do some businesses become successful?
Usually, they start with a clear idea that solves a real problem. Then, they work very hard, especially at the beginning. They listen to their customers and improve their products step by step. Good luck helps too, but hard work is the most important thing.
- solves a real problemhelps with something people need
- especially at the beginningmostly at the start
- step by stepslowly, one stage at a time
- Good luck helps tooluck is also useful
صدا: صداهای هوش مصنوعی مایکروسافت. سؤال‌های ممتحن را یک صدای بریتانیایی می‌خواند و جواب‌های نمونه را یک صدای آمریکایی.