انگلیسی درس ۱۸

Music and leaders

اوقات فراغت و موسیقی، سیاستمداری که تحسینش می‌کنید، و ویژگی‌های یک رهبر خوب.

چطور تمرین کنیم
  1. یک جواب را دو بار گوش بدهید. هم‌زمان متن را بخوانید.
  2. همراه صدا بگویید. سرعت را روی ⁦0.75×⁩ بگذارید. دوباره پخش کنید و هم‌زمان با صدا حرف بزنید.
  3. حالت تمرین را روشن کنید. جواب‌ها پنهان می‌شوند. هر سؤال را بخوانید و بلند جواب بدهید.
  4. جواب را مال خودتان کنید. همان عبارت‌ها را به کار ببرید، اما درباره‌ی شهر، کار و زندگی خودتان حرف بزنید.
  5. با یک هم‌تمرینی تمرین کنید. یک نفر سؤال‌ها را می‌خواند. نفر دیگر بدون نگاه کردن جواب می‌دهد.
سرعت

Part 1 · Interview

Free time and music

Short answers. About 20 to 30 seconds each. Answer, give a reason, add one detail.

What do you do in your leisure time?

In my leisure time, I like to listen to music and go for long walks. Walking helps me clear my head after work. At the weekend, I usually meet my friends at a café, or we watch a football match together.

  • leisure timefree time
  • clear my headstop thinking about stress and feel calm
  • watch a football matcha match = a game between two teams

Do you like music? What kinds of music do you listen to most often?

Yes, I love music. I listen to it almost every day, usually on my way to work. I mostly listen to pop music, but I also like traditional Persian music when I want to relax. It depends on my mood.

  • on my way to workwhile I travel to work
  • I mostly listen to…say what you listen to most
  • It depends on my moodmood = the way you feel at a time

Which is better, classical music or pop music? Why?

I don't think one is better than the other. They're good for different situations. Classical music is great when I'm studying or working, because it helps me concentrate. Pop music is better for parties or when I'm driving, because it's more energetic.

  • I don't think one is better than the othera balanced start
  • helps me concentratehelps me focus my mind
  • more energeticfull of energy, makes you active

Do you listen to foreign music or music in your own language? Why?

Both, actually. I listen to music in my own language because I understand every word, and the songs often remind me of my childhood. I also listen to English songs, because I like the style, and they help me learn new words.

  • Both, actually.actually = in fact, a natural word in speech
  • remind me of my childhoodmake me think of when I was a child
  • they help me learn new wordsgive a useful reason

Part 2 · Cue card

A politician you admire

You get 1 minute to prepare and then speak for 1 to 2 minutes. Follow the four points on the card in order.

Candidate task card

Describe your favourite politician.

You should say:

  • who he or she is
  • what he or she has done
  • whether you want to be like him or her
  • and explain why this person is your favourite politician
Ready 1:00

Start

I'd like to talk about Nelson Mandela. He's not alive now, but he's the politician I admire the most.

Who he is

Mandela was the first black president of South Africa. He was the president from 1994 to 1999, and he died in 2013.

What he has done

He fought against apartheid, which was a system that treated black people very unfairly. Because of this, he spent twenty-seven years in prison. When he came out, he didn't look for revenge. Instead, he worked to bring black and white people together.

Do you want to be like him

I'd love to be more like him, especially in one way: his patience. I get angry quite easily, but he stayed calm and kind even after all those years in prison. I don't think I could ever be that strong, but he's a good example for me.

Why he is your favourite

He's my favourite because he showed that forgiveness is stronger than hate. He could have started a war, but he chose peace. I think the world needs more leaders like him, who care about all people, not only about power.

  • the politician I admire the mostadmire = respect and like a lot
  • fought againsttried hard to stop
  • treated … very unfairlywere not fair to them
  • didn't look for revengerevenge = hurting someone because they hurt you
  • a good example for mesomeone I want to copy
  • forgiveness is stronger than hateforgiveness = stopping being angry with someone

Part 3 · Discussion

Politics and leaders

Longer answers. About 30 to 45 seconds. Give your opinion, explain why, and give an example.

How can politicians make the world a better place?

Good politicians can make laws that protect people, like laws for clean air or fair pay. They can also work with other countries to stop wars and help with problems like climate change. One good decision by a leader can improve the lives of millions of people.

  • make lawscreate official rules
  • fair paythe right amount of money for work
  • work with other countriescooperate internationally
  • improve the lives of millionsmake many people's lives better

What qualities should a good leader have?

First, a good leader should be honest, so people can trust them. Second, they should listen to people, not only to their advisers. They also need to make difficult decisions quickly. And I think a good leader should live a simple life, like ordinary people.

  • qualitiesgood parts of a person's character
  • so people can trust themexplain the reason
  • make difficult decisionsdecide hard things
  • ordinary peoplenormal people, not rich or powerful

What responsibility does a good politician have towards the people of their country?

Their main responsibility is to work for the people, not for themselves. They should make sure everyone has basic things, like health care, education and safety. They should also be open about how they spend public money, because it's the people's money.

  • Their main responsibility is to…give the main duty
  • make surecheck that something happens
  • be open aboutshare information honestly
  • public moneymoney from taxes, owned by everyone

Why do many young people today want to stay away from politics?

I think many young people feel that politics doesn't change anything. They see the same problems year after year, so they lose hope. Also, politics can be very aggressive, with people shouting and arguing. Many young people prefer to help in other ways, like volunteering.

  • stay away fromavoid, not get involved in
  • year after yearevery year, for a long time
  • they lose hopethey stop believing things will get better
  • volunteeringworking without pay to help others

Do you think politicians always do what people expect from them?

Not always. Before elections, politicians make a lot of promises, but after they win, they often forget some of them. To be fair, sometimes it's because the problems are more difficult than they thought. But people should keep asking politicians to keep their promises.

  • Not always.a soft no
  • make a lot of promisessay they will do many things
  • To be fair, …show the other side, to be honest
  • keep their promisesdo what they said

Should politicians be punished when their decisions cause conflict and harm?

I think they should be responsible for their decisions, like everyone else. If a leader breaks the law or starts a conflict that hurts people, there should be a fair trial. But it should be decided by independent courts, not by their political enemies.

  • be responsible foraccept the results of your actions
  • like everyone elsethe same as other people
  • a fair triala fair process in court
  • independent courtscourts that no one controls

صدا: صداهای هوش مصنوعی مایکروسافت. سؤال‌های ممتحن را یک صدای بریتانیایی می‌خواند و جواب‌های نمونه را یک صدای آمریکایی.